"Can Anybody Help Me?" High School Teachers' Experiences on LGBTphobia Perception, Teaching Intervention and Training on Affective and Sexual Diversity.

This article analyzes the perceptions of sexual affective diversity among teachers in Spanish high schools. Specifically, we address LGBTphobia, and teacher intervention and training through a survey study of 119 teachers. We administered a questionnaire to investigate these issues based on other studies. The data were analyzed on the basis of descriptive statistics. We attempted to answer three research questions: How do teachers analyze LGBTphobia in high schools? What is their experience and teaching intervention with regard to affective and sexual diversity? What perception exists in high schools about the need for training and education on affective and sexual diversity? The study concludes that high schools and their communities remain hostile places for LGBT students. Therefore, incorporating training into teaching practice and rethinking pedagogy from a queer perspective is fundamental to building an inclusive educational culture.

Heat Stress Increases In Vitro Hindgut Fermentation of Distinct Substrates in Iberian Pigs.

Heat stress reduces the feed intake and growth of pigs. We hypothesized that heat stress affects the intestinal fermentation capacity of pigs. Sixteen Iberian pigs (44 ± 1.0 kg) were randomly assigned to one of two treatments (eight pigs/treatment) for 4 weeks-heat stress (HS; 30 °C) ad libitum or thermoneutral (TN; 20 °C) pair feeding. Frozen rectum contents were used as inocula for 24 h in vitro incubations in which a mixture of starches, citrus pectin, inulin from chicory, and cellulose were the substrates. Cellulose was poorly degraded, whereas pectin and the mixture of starches were the most fermentable substrates according to total short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. The mixture of starches and inulin produced the greatest amount of gas. For all substrates, heat stress enhanced gas production (8%, p = 0.001), total SCFA production (16%, p = 0.001), and the production of acetate and propionate (12% and 42%, respectively; p = 0.001). The increased isoacid production (33%, p = 0.001) and ammonia concentration (12%, p = 0.001) may indicate protein fermentation under heat stress. In conclusion, the in vitro intestinal fermentation capacity of pigs under heat stress was increased compared to thermoneutral conditions, which may indicate an adaptive response to heat stress.

Effect of plyometric training on lower limb biomechanics in females.

OBJECTIVE: To verify the effects of plyometric training on lower limb kinematics, eccentric hip and knee torques, and functional performance. DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTING: Research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-six females were divided into a training group (TG; n = 18) that carried out the plyometric training for 8 weeks, and a control group (CG; n = 18) that carried out no physical training. INTERVENTIONS: Twenty-four plyometric training sessions during approximately 8 weeks with 3 sessions per week on alternate days. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES: Lower limb kinematics (maximum excursion of hip adduction, hip medial rotation, and knee abduction during the single leg squat), eccentric hip (abductor, adductor, medial, and lateral rotator) isokinetic peak torques and knee (flexor and extensor) isokinetic peak torques, and functional performance (triple hop test and the 6-m timed hop test). RESULTS: After 8 weeks, only the TG significantly reduced the values for the maximum excursion of knee abduction (P = 0.01) and hip adduction (P < 0.001). Similarly, only the TG significantly increased the eccentric hip abductor (P < 0.001) and adductor (P = 0.01) torques. Finally, only the TG significantly increased the values in the triple hop test (P < 0.001) and significantly decreased the values in the 6-m timed hop test (P < 0.001) after intervention. CONCLUSION: Plyometric training alters lower limb kinematics and increases eccentric hip torque and functional performance, suggesting the incorporation of these exercises in preventive programs for ACL injuries.